Table of Contents
Yin Bincike ga Tsarin Ruwa na Yanzu
A cikakken kimantawa na data kasance plumbing ne tushen wani m vintage gida gyara. Fara da samar da wani cikakken taswira na dukan tsarin, lura da hanyar samar da Lines, drain-waste-vent (DWV) bututu, da kuma wurin da dukan fixtures. nemi na kowa alamomin tsufa kamar ma'adinai adibas a kan bawuloli, lalata a gidajen, da kuma yankunan zafi da cewa nuna jinkirin leaks. Ga gidaje gina kafin 1986, zama sane da gubar solder da tagulla fittings cewa iya dauke da gubar; gwajin ruwa ga gubar abun ciki idan da tsarin ba a cikakken maye gurbin. Hakazalika, galvanized karfe bututu, rare daga 1930s zuwa 1960s, sau da yawa sha wahala daga ciki rust wanda rage ruwa matsa lamba da kwarara. A kamara trimup Lines iya bayyana kasawa a kan sikelin, damar yin amfani da musamman na musamman na katako, ko kuma tushen gyara sassan da aka gyara da kuma mayar da hankali ga tsarin da aka gyara da kuma gyara da kuma gyara da aka gyara da kuma gyara da kuma gyara da kuma gyara da kayan tarihi da kuma gyara da aka gyara da kuma
Zaɓin Abubuwan da Suka Dace
Zaɓin kayan da ke girmama gādon gida yayin da yake biyan ƙa'idodin aikin zamani yana buƙatar bincike mai zurfi. Manufar ita ce cimma kyan gani mai dacewa da lokacin ba tare da sadaukar da amintacce ko aminci ba. Kowane zaɓi na kayan yana da tasirin tsawon rai, kiyayewa, da daidaito na gani tare da tsarin asali.
Gidan ƙarfe don ruwa
Cast baƙin ƙarfe ya kasance matsayin zinariya ga tsarin DWV a cikin gidajen da aka yi amfani da su saboda yanayin sauti, karko, da daidaito na tarihi. Modern cast iron tare da haɗin haɗin gwiwar ba tare da cibiya ba (ba tare da cibiya ba) yana da sauƙin shigar da shi fiye da na gargajiya na cibiya da gubar, amma bayyanar ta kasance iri ɗaya da zarar an shigar da shi. Don fallasa ko bayyane ƙasa ɗakunan ƙasa a cikin ɗakunan ƙasa ko wuraren da ke cikin gida, la'akari da amfani da karɓaɓɓen ƙarfe mai karɓaɓɓu ko na sake ginawa tare da rufi da aka yi amfani da shi a masana'anta. Nauyin ƙarfe yana buƙatar ƙarfi mai ƙarfi yawanci kowane ƙafa 4 zuwa 5 tare da rataye ko toshe amma tsawon rayuwarsa ta shekaru 75 zuwa 100 tana ba da hujja ga ƙoƙarin. Guji PVC ko ABS a wurare sai dai idan falsafar dawo da gidajen gidaje ta ba da damar samar da ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen ɓoye. Lokacin aiki tare da baƙin ƙarfe, kayan aikin karewa na zamani da kayan aiki na sirri yayin sarrafawa da sarrafawa
Kayan ƙarfe don Lines na Bayarwa
An yi amfani da jan karfe a cikin bututun ruwa tun farkon karni na 20 kuma yana da kyakkyawan zaɓi don samar da bututun ruwa a cikin gyaran gida. Yana da lalata, mai aminci ga ruwan sha, musamman idan aka haɗa shi da solder mara gubar, kuma ana iya goge shi zuwa ƙarfe mai dumi don buɗewa a cikin ɗakunan girki na zamani ko wuraren amfani. Yi amfani da jan ƙarfe na L, wanda ke da bango mafi kauri fiye da na M-type, don dorewa da haɗin gumi tare da solder mara gubar. Ga gidaje tare da asalin ɓangarorin jan karfe, la'akari da barin su gogewa azaman fasalin ado. Lokacin da ake gudanar da sabbin layuka a bayan bango, jan karfe har yanzu zaɓi ne mai ƙarfi, amma zaku iya la'akari da PEX a wuraren da ba a gani. Copper yana ɗaukar ƙarfin zafi sosai, amma dogon gudu ya haɗa da faɗaɗa madaukai ko kayan haɗin kai na inji don kammala lokacin da aka gama. Don ƙarancin lokacin da aka gama, ƙarancin tsaba zai iya rage ƙarancin tsaba, kuma sauƙaƙewar tsaba a cikin tsaba, wanda zai iya
Kayan da aka saka da tagulla
Kayan tagulla suna ƙara ma'ana ta gaskiya, musamman a cikin wanka da kuma dafa abinci inda ake ganin famfo, tashoshin samarwa, da kuma masu sauraron ruwa. Kayan tagulla na zamani na zamani suna maimaita sautunan tagulla na zamani ba tare da matsalolin kiyaye kayan da ba a shafa ba. Don ainihin daidaito na tarihi, yi amfani da bawul din tagulla mai ƙarfi da kayan haɗi waɗanda za'a iya laƙa ko barin su yi patina ta halitta. Ka lura cewa wasu tsofaffin tagulla sun ƙunshi gubar; yi amfani da tagulla na yanzu kawai NSF / ANSI 61 don aikace-aikacen ruwan sha. Kayan matse na tagulla kuma zaɓi ne mai kyau don haɗi a bayan kayan haɗi saboda suna da sauƙin aiki kuma sun dace da bayyanar aikin ƙarni na 20. Lokacin zaɓar kayan haɗi, kula da haɗin haɗin: ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙ
PEX: Zaɓin Yanayin Yanayin da Za a Yi a Wurin da Aka Ɓoye
Duk da yake PEX wani bidi'a ne na shekarun 1980, ana iya amfani da shi cikin hikima a cikin gyaran kayan gargajiya. PEX yana da sassauƙa, mai jurewa daskarewa, kuma yana buƙatar ƙananan kayan haɗi, yana mai kyau don gyarawa a cikin ƙananan rami ba tare da buɗe ganuwar gaba ɗaya ba. Matsalolin shine cewa ba shi da tarihin jijiyar jan ƙarfe ko bututun gubar. PEX na tanadi don layin samarwa a cikin bango, rufi, da bene, da sauyawa zuwa jan ƙarfe a wuraren da aka fallasa kamar haɗin haɗin kai. Koyaushe yi amfani da PEX-A, nau'in da ya fi dacewa, tare da kayan haɗi na faɗaɗa don mafi girman dogaro, da kuma alamun bututu a fili don kauce wa rikicewa yayin kiyayewa a nan gaba. PEX-A tare da zoben faɗaɗa yana ƙirƙirar haɗin sanyi wanda ya fi ƙarfin bututun kansa kuma yana ba da damar samun damar shiga cikin ruwan zafi mai ƙarfi. Guje wa PEX a wuraren da ke da haske na kai tsaye ko kuma ƙarancin ruwa a cikin yanayin zafi. Don wasu tsarin aiki na yau da kullun, ƙarancin
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Aikin gyara bututun ruwa ya ƙunshi fiye da kawai yin haɗin kai. Yana buƙatar fasaha da ke kiyaye kayan tarihi, tabbatar da amincin lokaci, da kuma kula da amincin gani. Hanyoyin da ke ƙasa suna magance ƙalubalen da aka fi samu a gidajen da aka yi amfani da su.
A Yi Tsabtace da Kuma Sake Gyara Tuba
Lokacin maye gurbin tsofaffin bututu, yi amfani da hanyoyin da za su kiyaye masana'antar gine-gine na tarihi. Misali, idan dole ne ku sake tura sabbin layuka ta hanyar bango mai tsayi a bayan latsa da gypsum, ku shiga rami ta hanyar yanke ƙananan ramuka kawai don madaidaicin aikin aikin aikin famfo da bututu maimakon cire dukkan sassan bango. A madadin haka, yi amfani da bin diddige madaidaiciyar ramuka yanke daga kasa zuwa rufiwanda za'a iya gyara su da kayan gypsum ko itace masu dacewa. A wuraren da aka fallasa kamar basement, sake tura layuka a cikin ramin da ke akwai kuma kiyaye gudu daidai da beams don bayyanar da kyau. Don cire tsoffin ƙarfe, yi amfani da masu yanke-ƙira ko ƙira masu lalata ƙarfe tare da ƙira masu yanke juna; guje wa ƙira mai nauyi wanda zai iya lalata murabba'in ko tsarin. Lokacin haɗa tsofaffin matakan ƙarfe zuwa sabon bututu, yi amfani da lambar lantarki don ƙira tsakanin ƙananan ƙananan bututu na'ura mai ƙarfi kafin a gwada su. A cikin ƙira mai ƙarfi, koyaushe ana amfani da ƙirar
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Don rufe bututu da ke wucewa ta bangon waje, yi amfani da ƙuƙwalwar silicone mai inganci wanda za'a iya fentin shi don dacewa da farfajiyar kewaye. Guji fadada kumfa a wurare masu ganuwa; maimakon haka, yi amfani da felt ko tubal ɗin auduga don ƙaramin fasaha, bayyanar da ta dace. Don rufin ruwan zafi a cikin ɗakuna marasa zafi ko rufin gida, yi amfani da rufin kumfa mai rufi, yawanci rabin inci ko uku- takwas kaurin bango, kuma ka kulle shi da tef ko zip-frames. Gidan yana da takamaiman bututu na musamman waɗanda aka fallasa a tsakanin bututu, suna barin su ba tare da fasaha ba, maimakon haka, yi amfani da felt ko tubalin auduga don yin amfani da bututu mai zafi a cikin ɗakuna marasa zafi ko rufin gida, yi amfani da rufin ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙuƙuƙuƙuƙuƙuƙuƙuƙuƙuƙuƙuƙuƙuƙuƙuƙuƙuƙuƙuƙuƙuƙuƙuƙ
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Fitaccen kayan aiki shine mafi ganuwa na tsarin bututun da aka gama. Zaɓin tsakanin dawo da kayan aiki na asali da shigar da sake kunnawa ya dogara da yanayin asalin da kasafin kuɗin sake kunnawa. Gidan wanka na asali, tub na ƙusa-ƙafa, da kuma tub na ƙafafun ƙafafun galibi suna buƙatar daidaitawa ko sake gyarawa. Sabis ɗin daidaitawa mai inganci na iya sa wanka na shekarun 1920 ya zama kamar sabo, amma ƙarshen zai iya zama ƙasa da ƙarfi fiye da enamel na zamani. Don famfo, ana samun sake kunnawa da yawa na zamani waɗanda ke amfani da katunan faifan keramiki na zamani, waɗanda ke ba da saukad da ruwa, yayin da suke kwaikwayon bayyanar tsoffin kayan aiki na zamani na zamani ko saitin hannu biyu. Alamomin kamar su FLT: 0Signature Hardware FLT: 1 da Mota: 2Houzer Spouters suna ba da hankali ga aikin waje na zamani.
Yin Magana da Tsohon Ruwa da Kuma Ruwa
Tsoffin gidaje galibi suna da ƙananan ko ƙananan bututun ruwa. Lambobin zamani suna buƙatar kashi ɗaya cikin ɗari na inci a kowane ƙafa don bututun 3 inci da ƙarami, amma yawancin gidajen da aka yi amfani da su na zamani suna da gangar inci takwas kawai. Idan layin layin ƙarfe na asali suna cikin tsari mai kyau kuma ba su da faduwa, kuna iya kiyaye su tare da bayanin kula daga mai duba. Duk da haka, idan kuna ƙara sabbin kayan aiki ko canza tsarin sosai, dole ne ku kawo layin ruwa zuwa lambar yanzu, ko IPC ko UPC. Wannan na iya haɗawa da maye gurbin sassan da ƙarfe mai girma ko PVC. Vents kuma suna da mahimmanci: yawancin tsofaffin gidaje ba su da isasshen iska don ɗakunan ruwa na zamani, wanda ke haifar da jinkirin fitarwa da ƙanshin ruwa. Yi amfani da mai karatu, wanda aka fi sani da wani wuri na farko, a cikin tsarin daidaitawa na gargajiya, dole ne ku kawo layin ruwa zuwa lambar yanzu, ko a cikin wani ɓangare na asali.
Tsarin Matsi na Ruwa da Tsarin Ƙarfafawa
Gaskiya ne cewa, a lokacin da aka yi amfani da matattarar ruwa, ana iya amfani da matattarar ruwa don hana ruwa daga ruwa daga cikin gida, kuma a lokacin da aka yi amfani da matattarar ruwa, ana iya amfani da matattarar ruwa don hana ruwa daga ruwa daga ruwa.
Biye da Dokokin da Kuma Izinin
Yawancin hukumomi suna buƙatar izini don aikin famfo mai mahimmanci, har ma a cikin gidaje na tarihi. Rashin samun izini na iya haifar da tarar kuɗi, ƙaurawar aiki, da matsaloli yayin sayar da dukiya. Yi aiki tare da mai aikin famfo mai lasisi wanda ke da ƙwarewa a cikin dukiyar tarihi. Tsarin izini yana ba da dama don bincika aikin a mahimman matakai, kamar ƙarancin lokaci da ƙarshe, wanda shine babban tsaro. Lura cewa umarnin kiyaye tarihi na iya ƙuntata nau'ikan kayan da zaku iya amfani da su a wuraren da ake gani. Misali, wasu gundumomin tarihi suna buƙatar duk hanyoyin samar da gogewa su zama tagulla ko tagulla mai laushi, ba PEX ba. Koyaushe tuntuɓi hukumar tarihi ta gida kafin farawa. The National Trust for Historic Preservation Foundation (FLT:0) yana ba da jagororin jagora kan ingantaccen tsarin gyara tare da bukatun zamani. Wasu tsarin tsarin tsarin tsarin tsarin gine-gine na iya ƙayyade nau'ikan kayan da za ku iya amfani da su a cikin wuraren da ake gani. Wannan tsarin yana ba da ƙayyadaddamarwa na gida, musamman don
Bincike na Ƙarshe da Gwaje-gwaje
Kafin rufe bango ko kuma kammala farfajiyar, yi cikakken gwaji na dukkan tsarin. Don hanyoyin samar da ruwa, gwada matsin lamba a 60 psi na tsawon awanni 24 don gano kowane jinkirin ɓarkewa. Don hanyoyin fitarwa, gudu da ruwa daga mafi girman kayan aiki kuma bincika kowane haɗin ƙasa don ɓarkewa. Yi amfani da gwajin hydrostatic don layin ɓarkewa na ƙasa ko ɓoye ta hanyar toshe tsabtacewa da cika bututun da ruwa. Duba duk kayan aiki don aiki mai kyau: wanka, gudu da famfo a cikin zafi da sanyi, kuma tabbatar da cewa wanka sun ɓarke gaba ɗaya. Sauraron ruwa, wanda ke aiki da sautin saurin ruwa wanda zai iya dakatar da bututun da ba su da ƙarfi ko kuma yaɗaɗaɗa ƙarancin ƙimar. Sanya kayan aikin ruwa a cikin haɗin wanka da na'urar wanka. A ƙarshe, duba gani na ƙarshe don ganowa, ƙarancin ruwa, ƙarancin ruwa da ƙarancin ruwa na ƙarshe, ƙarancin ƙarancin ruwa na ƙarshe na mako biyu da kuma daidaitawa da kuma tabbatar da cewa an daidaita ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin iska
Ƙarshen
Yin aikin famfo a cikin gyaran gida na zamani wani sana'a ne wanda ke girmama abin da ya gabata yayin da yake rungumar amincin da aminci na hanyoyin zamani. Ta hanyar kimanta tsarin da ke akwai a hankali, zaɓar kayan da suka dace da tarihi, da kuma amfani da ƙididdigar shigarwa, zaku iya kiyaye halayen gida don tsararraki. Ko kuna gyaran ginin bungalow na 1920s ko farfadowar Gothic na Victoria, ƙarin lokacin da aka kashe akan zaɓin kayan da aka yi tunani da kuma ƙwarewar aiki yana ba da ladabi a cikin aiki da jituwa ta zamani. Ka tuna cewa kowane gida na zamani yana da nasa labarin; aikin famfo ya kamata ya ƙara babi mai nutsuwa na inganci da kulawa, ba bayanin kula mai rikitarwa ba. Tare da haƙuri, bincike, da kayan aikin da suka dace, za a sanya ƙa'idodin kayan aikin famfo ɗin ku ba a gani lokacin da aka tsara shi da kuma lokacin da ya zama na zamani.